The Little Words That Do Big Things: Your Guide to Subordinating Conjunctions

Subordinating conjunctions are words that connect an independent clause (a clause that can stand alone as a sentence) with a dependent clause (a clause that cannot stand alone). They introduce the dependent clause and indicate the relationship between the two clauses. Here’s a detailed explanation, along with a categorized list: ### Definition:

A subordinating conjunction:

• Introduces a dependent clause
• Indicates the nature of the relationship between the dependent clause and the independent clause
• Shows contrast, cause and effect, time relationships, and more ### List and Categories:

Subordinating conjunctions can be categorized based on the type of relationship they express:

1. Time:
   1. after
   1. before
   1. once
   1. until
   1. when
   1. while
   1. as soon as
   1. by the time
2. Place:
   1. where
   1. wherever
3. Cause and Effect:
   1. because
   1. since
   1. so that
4. Condition:
   1. if
   1. unless
   1. provided that
   1. in case
5. Concession:
   1. although
   1. even though
   1. though
   1. whereas
6. Comparison:
   1. than
   1. as…as

Each subordinating conjunction serves a unique function in the sentence, setting up different types of relationships between the clauses they connect. For example, “because” sets up a cause-and-effect relationship, while “although” introduces a contrast.

Remember, the choice of subordinating conjunction affects the meaning of the sentence, so it’s important to choose the one that accurately conveys the relationship you intend to express.